Which of the following statements are correct about the Constitution of India?Powers of the Municipa

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2024 UPSC Prelims Indian Polity & Governance paper.

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Question

Which of the following statements are correct about the Constitution of India?Powers of the Municipalities are given in Part IX A of the Constitution.Emergency provisions are given in Part XVIII of the Constitution.Provisions related to the amendment of the Constitution are given in Part XX of the Constitution.Select the answer using the code given below:

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — 1, 2 and 3Step-by-step Solution:The Constitution of India is divided into Parts containing Articles. Each Part deals with a specific area of governance.Statement 1 — Municipalities in Part IX-A: This is correct. Part IX-A of the Constitution deals with Municipalities. It was added by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, which came into force on 1 June 1993. It contains Articles 243-P to 243-ZG and provides for the constitution, powers, and functions of Municipalities and Urban Local Bodies. ✓Statement 2 — Emergency Provisions in Part XVIII: This is correct. Part XVIII of the Constitution (Articles 352 to 360) deals with Emergency Provisions. It includes three types of emergency: National Emergency (Article 352), Failure of Constitutional Machinery in States — President's Rule (Article 356), and Financial Emergency (Article 360). ✓Statement 3 — Amendment Provisions in Part XX: This is correct. Part XX of the Constitution contains Article 368, which lays down the procedure for amendment of the Constitution. It specifies the special majority required and lists provisions that additionally require ratification by at least half the State Legislatures. ✓All three statements are correct.Why other options are incorrect:Option A (1 and 2 only): Incorrect. Statement 3 is also correct — Part XX indeed contains the amendment provisions.Option B (2 and 3 only): Incorrect. Statement 1 is also correct — Part IX-A does deal with Municipalities.Option C (1 and 3 only): Incorrect. Statement 2 is also correct — Part XVIII does contain Emergency provisions.Key Concept: Structure of the Constitution — key Parts: Part I (Articles 1–4): The Union and its Territory; Part III (Articles 12–35): Fundamental Rights; Part IV (Articles 36–51): Directive Principles; Part IV-A (Article 51-A): Fundamental Duties; Part IX (Articles 243–243-O): Panchayats (added by 73rd Amendment, 1992); Part IX-A (Articles 243-P to 243-ZG): Municipalities (added by 74th Amendment, 1992); Part XIV (Articles 308–323): Services under the Union and States; Part XV (Articles 324–329-A): Elections; Part XVIII (Articles 352–360): Emergency Provisions; Part XIX (Articles 361–367): Miscellaneous; Part XX (Article 368): Amendment of the Constitution; Part XXI (Articles 369–392): Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions; Part XXII (Articles 393–395): Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative text in Hindi and Repeals.

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