Which of the following statements is/are INCORRECT about the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) routing

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GATE-CS is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2023 GATE-CS Computer Networks paper.

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This GATE-CS 2023 Computer Networks question has a medium difficulty level and is marked as an important question.

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Question

Which of the following statements is/are INCORRECT about the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) routing protocol used in the Internet?(A) OSPF implements Bellman-Ford algorithm to find shortest paths.(B) OSPF uses Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm to implement least-cost path routing.(C) OSPF is used as an inter-domain routing protocol.(D) OSPF implements hierarchical routing.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: (A) and (C) are INCORRECTConcept -- OSPF Routing Protocol (from Kurose and Ross, Computer Networking):(A) INCORRECT: OSPF is a link-state routing protocol that uses Dijkstra's algorithm (not Bellman-Ford) to compute shortest paths. Bellman-Ford is used by distance-vector protocols such as RIP (Routing Information Protocol). OSPF routers flood link-state advertisements (LSAs) to all routers, build a complete topology map, and then each router independently runs Dijkstra's algorithm.(B) CORRECT: OSPF does use Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm. This statement is accurate.(C) INCORRECT: OSPF is an intra-domain (interior gateway) routing protocol used within a single autonomous system (AS). BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the inter-domain routing protocol used between different autonomous systems on the Internet.(D) CORRECT: OSPF does support hierarchical routing through the concept of areas. A large OSPF network can be divided into areas, with Area 0 (the backbone area) at the top of the hierarchy. This reduces routing table sizes and limits the scope of LSA flooding.

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