The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is −3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energie

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Question

The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is −3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energies are, respectively:

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — 3.4 eV, −6.8 eVKey Concept: For an electron in a Bohr orbit, the following relations hold between total energy (E), kinetic energy (K.E.), and potential energy (P.E.):K.E. = −E    and    P.E. = 2EThese arise from the virial theorem applied to circular orbits under Coulomb force.Step-by-step Solution:Given: Total energy E = −3.4 eVKinetic energy: K.E. = −E = −(−3.4) = +3.4 eVPotential energy: P.E. = 2E = 2 × (−3.4) = −6.8 eVVerification: K.E. + P.E. = 3.4 + (−6.8) = −3.4 eV = E ✓Why other options are wrong:Option A has P.E. positive, which is incorrect since potential energy due to Coulomb attraction is always negative. Option B has K.E. negative, which is physically impossible. Option C has both negative, violating K.E. = −E.

The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is −3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energies are, respectively:

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The total energy of an electron in an atom in an orbit is −3.4 eV. Its kinetic and potential energies are, respectively:

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