Which of the following statements are true for the phylum-Chordata?(a) In Urochordata notochord exte

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Question

Which of the following statements are true for the phylum-Chordata?(a) In Urochordata notochord extends from head to tail and it is present throughout their life.(b) In Vertebrata notochord is present during the embryonic period only.(c) Central nervous system is dorsal and hollow.(d) Chordata is divided into 3 subphyla: Hemichordata, Tunicata and Cephalochordata.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: C — (b) and (c)Solution:(a) False. In Urochordata (tunicates/sea squirts), the notochord is present only in the tail of the larval stage (hence 'Uro' = tail). It disappears at metamorphosis; it is absent in the adult.(b) True. In Vertebrata, the notochord is present only during the embryonic period. It is later replaced by the vertebral column (spinal column) in the adult.(c) True. All chordates possess a dorsal, hollow (tubular) nerve cord (central nervous system). This distinguishes them from non-chordates, which have a ventral, solid nerve cord.(d) False. Hemichordata is now classified as a separate phylum (not a subphylum of Chordata). The three subphyla of Chordata are: Urochordata (Tunicata), Cephalochordata, and Vertebrata.Key Concept: Fundamental characters of Chordata (present at some stage of life): (1) Notochord; (2) Dorsal hollow nerve cord; (3) Pharyngeal gill slits; (4) Post-anal tail. The three subphyla: Urochordata (notochord in larval tail only), Cephalochordata (notochord from head to tail throughout life, e.g., Amphioxus), Vertebrata (notochord in embryo, replaced by vertebral column in adults).

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