Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In the coagulation of a negative sol, the flocculating

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Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: In the coagulation of a negative sol, the flocculating power of the three given ions is in the order Al3+ > Ba2+ > Na+
Statement II: In the coagulation of a positive sol, the flocculating power of the three given salts is in the order NaCl > Na2SO4 > Na3PO4
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:
(1) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct.
(2) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
(3) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect.
(4) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D - Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.Step-by-step Solution:Statement I (Correct): According to the Hardy-Schulze rule, for coagulation of a negatively charged sol, positively charged ions (cations) are the active coagulating species. Coagulating power increases with the charge (valency) of the ion: Al3+ (charge 3) > Ba2+ (charge 2) > Na+ (charge 1). This order is correct.Statement II (Incorrect): For coagulation of a positively charged sol, negatively charged ions (anions) are the active coagulating species. Coagulating power again increases with the valency of the anion: PO43- (charge 3) > SO42- (charge 2) > Cl- (charge 1). So the correct flocculating power order of the sodium salts is: Na3PO4 > Na2SO4 > NaCl. Statement II states the reverse order, which is incorrect.Key Concepts:Hardy-Schulze rule: Greater the valency (charge) of the coagulating ion, greater its flocculating (coagulating) power.For negative sol: cations coagulate; coagulating power increases with cation charge.For positive sol: anions coagulate; coagulating power increases with anion charge.Schulze number: Minimum concentration (in millimoles/L) of an electrolyte required to coagulate a sol; smaller Schulze number = greater coagulating power.

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