Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in therm

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Question

Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Electrostatic precipitator is most widely used in thermal power plant.
Statement II: Electrostatic precipitator in thermal power plant removes ionising radiations.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: B — Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect.Step-by-step Solution:Statement I (True): Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) are the most widely used devices for controlling air pollution from thermal (coal-fired) power plants. They remove particulate matter (fly ash — fine particles of unburnt carbon and mineral ash) from the flue gas (exhaust gas) before it is released through the chimney stack. ESPs can remove up to 99% of particulate pollutants from stack emissions and are also used in cement factories, iron and steel plants, and paper mills.Statement II (False): Electrostatic precipitators do NOT remove ionising radiations (such as alpha, beta, gamma radiation or X-rays). They work on the principle of electrostatic attraction — particles in the gas stream pass through an ionising zone (high-voltage corona discharge) where they acquire a negative charge, and are then attracted to positively charged collector plates from which they are periodically removed by mechanical rapping. This mechanism removes solid particulate matter, not radiation. Ionising radiation control requires entirely different approaches (lead shielding, distance, regulatory controls).Key Concepts:Electrostatic precipitator (ESP): Removes particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM₂.₅) from industrial exhaust; principle: corona discharge ionises particles → attracted to oppositely charged collector plates → removed by rapping.Other air pollution control devices: Scrubbers (remove SO₂, HCl), Catalytic converters (vehicle exhaust — convert CO, NOx, hydrocarbons to CO₂, N₂, H₂O), Baghouse filters (fabric filters for dust).Fly ash from coal-fired plants is a significant air pollutant (contains silica, alumina, iron, calcium, and trace heavy metals); can be recycled in cement and brick manufacture.

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