If ∮ E·dS = 0 over a surface, then

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Question

If ∮ E·dS = 0 over a surface, then

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: A — The number of flux lines entering the surface must be equal to the number of flux lines leaving itStep-by-step Solution:By Gauss's Law: ∮ E·dS = qenc/ε₀If ∮ E·dS = 0, then qenc = 0 — the net charge enclosed is zero.This means the total electric flux entering the surface = total flux leaving. Flux lines entering are assigned negative, leaving are positive — net = 0.Why other options are wrong:B: E can vary in magnitude over the surface; flux = 0 doesn't require E to be constant.C: The net enclosed charge is zero, not necessarily no charge inside. Equal amounts of +q and −q can coexist inside.D: The field inside can be non-uniform; Gauss's law only relates to the net enclosed charge, not the field distribution.Key Concepts:Gauss's Law: ∮ E·dS = qenc/ε₀. Net flux through a closed surface equals net enclosed charge divided by ε₀.Zero flux → zero net charge enclosed (can have equal +ve and −ve charges inside).E can still be non-zero on the surface even if net flux is zero.

If ∮ E·dS = 0 over a surface, then

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If ∮ E·dS = 0 over a surface, then

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