In frog, the Renal portal system is a special venous connection that acts to link :

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Question

In frog, the Renal portal system is a special venous connection that acts to link :

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: A — Kidney and lower part of bodyStep-by-step Solution:A portal system is a venous system in which blood flows from one capillary bed, through veins, into a second capillary bed without passing through the heart in between. In frogs, there are two portal systems:Renal Portal System: This system carries venous blood from the lower (posterior) part of the body — specifically from the hind limbs and posterior body wall — directly to the kidneys. Blood from the hind limbs is collected by the renal portal veins, which then break up into capillaries within the kidney tissue. This allows the kidneys to filter waste products (urea, uric acid, etc.) directly from the blood coming from the muscles of the hind limbs before it returns to the heart. This is particularly advantageous for an animal that uses its hind limbs extensively for jumping. After filtration in the kidneys, blood passes to the posterior vena cava and then to the heart.Hepatic Portal System: Carries nutrient-rich blood from the intestines (and other abdominal organs) directly to the liver for processing, detoxification, and glycogen storage (B option — liver and intestine — actually describes the hepatic portal system).Option C (Liver and kidney) and D (Kidney and intestine) describe connections that don't correspond to standard portal systems in frogs.Extended Explanation:The circulatory system of frogs is a closed, double circulation system with a three-chambered heart (two atria, one ventricle). Key features of frog circulation: (1) Right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via superior and inferior vena cavae; (2) Left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via pulmonary veins; (3) Both types of blood mix in the single ventricle; (4) The truncus arteriosus (spiral valve) partially separates oxygenated from deoxygenated blood when it leaves the ventricle. Portal systems in frogs: Renal portal system (hind limbs → kidneys), Hepatic portal system (intestines → liver). In mammals, the renal portal system is absent — all venous blood from the lower body returns directly to the heart via the inferior vena cava, then to the kidneys via renal arteries. This is a difference between frog and mammalian circulation.Key Concepts: Frog circulatory system, portal systems, renal portal system (hind limbs to kidneys), hepatic portal system (intestines to liver), three-chambered heart.

In frog, the Renal portal system is a special venous connection that acts to link :

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In frog, the Renal portal system is a special venous connection that acts to link :

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