Consider the following statements: In India, a Metropolitan Planning CommitteeIs constituted under t

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2011 UPSC Prelims Indian Polity & Governance paper.

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Question

Consider the following statements: In India, a Metropolitan Planning CommitteeIs constituted under the provisions of the Constitution of India.Prepares the draft development plans for metropolitan area.Has the sole responsibility for implementing Government sponsored schemes in the metropolitan area.Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: A — 1 and 2 onlyStep-by-step Solution:The Metropolitan Planning Committee (MPC) is provided for under the Constitution of India — inserted by the 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 (which deals with urban local bodies). The relevant article is Article 243ZE.Statement 1 — Constituted under the Constitution of India: This is correct. Article 243ZE of the Constitution provides for the constitution of Metropolitan Planning Committees: 'There shall be constituted in every Metropolitan area a Metropolitan Planning Committee to prepare a draft development plan for the Metropolitan area as a whole.' This is a constitutional provision — not just a statutory one. The Legislature of the State is required to make laws providing for the composition, manner of election, representation of local bodies, etc. ✓Statement 2 — Prepares draft development plans for the metropolitan area: This is correct. This is the primary function specified in Article 243ZE — the MPC is responsible for preparing an integrated draft development plan for the entire metropolitan area, taking into account: plans prepared by the Municipalities and Panchayats in that area; matters of common interest between the local bodies; extent and type of investments likely to be made by the Government of India and State Government; other available resources. ✓Statement 3 — Has sole responsibility for implementing Government-sponsored schemes: This is incorrect. The MPC does NOT have 'sole responsibility' for implementing government-sponsored schemes. Implementation of schemes involves multiple agencies: Municipal Corporations (for urban infrastructure within their jurisdiction); State Government departments (housing, roads, utilities); Central Government departments (for centrally sponsored schemes); Development authorities (like DDA for Delhi, MMRDA for Mumbai). The MPC is primarily a planning and coordination body — not an exclusive implementation authority. The statement 'sole responsibility' is a gross overstatement. ✗Key Concept: Metropolitan Planning Committee (MPC) status: Despite constitutional provision since 1992, MPCs remain poorly constituted and functional in most Indian cities; exceptions: Delhi (NCRPB serves a similar function), Mumbai (MMRDA), Bengaluru (BMRDA); Most major Indian metros still lack a functioning, empowered MPC — a major urban governance gap; Report of the Expert Committee (HLEC) on Urban Infrastructure noted this gap repeatedly. District Planning Committee (DPC): Article 243ZD — constituted in every district to consolidate plans; similar implementation gap. 74th Amendment: Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) — municipalities, city councils, town panchayats; 12th Schedule — 18 subjects including urban planning, regulation of land use, public health, slum improvement, urban poverty alleviation, public amenities.

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