Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2015 UPSC Prelims Geography paper.

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Question

Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — Arunachal Pradesh and GujaratStep-by-step Solution:India's mainland extends approximately from 68°7'E longitude (western extremity in Gujarat) to 97°25'E longitude (eastern extremity in Arunachal Pradesh).Easternmost State — Arunachal Pradesh: India's easternmost state is Arunachal Pradesh. The easternmost point of India is located in the Anjaw district of Arunachal Pradesh — the Kibithu/Dong village area. Arunachal Pradesh shares boundaries with China (Tibet), Bhutan, and Myanmar. Its easternmost longitude is approximately 97°25'E.Westernmost State — Gujarat: India's westernmost state is Gujarat. The westernmost point is near Ghuar Mota in the Kutch district of Gujarat. Gujarat's western extremity (the Sir Creek area and Rann of Kutch) reaches approximately 68°7'E. This is why Gujarat has the longest coastline among Indian states (approximately 1,600 km) and also has the westernmost territory.Why other options are incorrect:Option A (Assam and Rajasthan): Assam is in the northeast but Arunachal Pradesh extends further east. Rajasthan is the westernmost of the large states bordering Pakistan, but Gujarat extends further west due to the Rann of Kutch and the Kathiawar/Saurashtra peninsula projecting into the Arabian Sea.Option B (Arunachal Pradesh and Rajasthan): The easternmost is correct (Arunachal Pradesh), but the westernmost is Gujarat, not Rajasthan. Rajasthan's western border with Pakistan ends around 69-70°E, while Gujarat extends to 68°E.Option C (Assam and Gujarat): The westernmost is correct (Gujarat), but Arunachal Pradesh, not Assam, is the easternmost state. Assam is enclosed by Arunachal Pradesh to the east and northeast.Key Concept: India's geographical extremities: Northernmost point — Siachen Glacier (disputed), or Indira Col; Southernmost (mainland) — Kanniyakumari, Tamil Nadu; Southernmost overall — Indira Point, Great Nicobar Island; Easternmost — Kibithu/Dong, Arunachal Pradesh (~97°25'E); Westernmost — Ghuar Mota, Kutch, Gujarat (~68°7'E). Standard Meridian of India: 82°30'E (passing through Mirzapur, UP — used for IST). India's latitudinal extent: ~8°4'N to 37°6'N; longitudinal extent: ~68°7'E to 97°25'E.

Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

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Which one of the following pairs of States of India indicates the easternmost and westernmost State?

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