In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology. "Pronuclear Transfer" is used fo

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2020 UPSC Prelims Science & Technology paper.

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Question

In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology. "Pronuclear Transfer" is used for

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — prevention of mitochondrial diseases in offspringStep-by-step Solution:Pronuclear transfer is a type of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT). It involves fertilising both the mother’s egg and a donor’s egg with the father’s sperm, then transferring the pronuclei from the mother’s zygote to the enucleated donor zygote. The resulting child has nuclear DNA from both parents but healthy mitochondrial DNA from the donor, thus preventing inheritance of mitochondrial diseases. ✓Why other options are incorrect:Option A: That’s standard IVF, not pronuclear transfer.Option B: Genetic modification of germ cells is different (germline gene editing).Option C: Stem cells to embryos is related to embryogenesis, not pronuclear transfer.Key Concept: MRT techniques: maternal spindle transfer (done before fertilisation) and pronuclear transfer (after fertilisation). The UK was the first to legalise MRT (2015). The offspring are called "three-parent babies". Mitochondrial diseases include MELAS, Leigh syndrome. India does not have specific regulations on MRT as of 2020.

In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology. "Pronuclear Transfer" is used for

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In the context of recent advances in human reproductive technology. "Pronuclear Transfer" is used for

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