Consider the following statements in respect of Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards:Bharat Ratna and Padma

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2021 UPSC Prelims Current Affairs paper.

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Question

Consider the following statements in respect of Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards:Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards are titles under the Article 18(1) of the Constitution of India.Padma Awards, which were instituted in the year 1954, were suspended only once.The number of Bharat Ratna Awards is restricted to a maximum of five in a particular year.Which of the above statements are not correct?

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — 1, 2 and 3Step-by-step Solution:Statement 1: Not correct. Article 18(1) prohibits the state from conferring titles (except military or academic distinctions). The Supreme Court has held that Bharat Ratna and Padma Awards are not "titles" within the meaning of Article 18(1) and cannot be used as prefixes/suffixes. ✗Statement 2: Not correct. Padma Awards were instituted in 1954 but were suspended three times: 1978, 1979 (two years) and then from 1993 to 1997 (five years). So they were suspended more than once. ✗Statement 3: Not correct. The number of Bharat Ratna awards is restricted to a maximum of three in a particular year (not five). ✗All three statements are incorrect, hence answer D.Why other options are incorrect:Option A (1 and 2 only): Statement 3 is also incorrect.Option B (2 and 3 only): Statement 1 is also incorrect.Option C (1 and 3 only): Statement 2 is also incorrect.Key Concept: Padma Awards (Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan, Padma Shri) are announced on Republic Day. Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award. The government in 2019 clarified that these awards do not amount to titles under Article 18. The suspension periods: 1978-1979, 1993-1997.

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