The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:

Q: What is UPSC Prelims?

UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2024 UPSC Prelims Geography paper.

Q: How can I prepare for UPSC Prelims Geography?

To prepare for UPSC Prelims Geography, practice previous year questions (PYQs), understand concepts thoroughly, and solve mock tests regularly. This 2024 question covers Population Distribution, Migration & Urbanisation topic.

Q: What is the difficulty level of this question?

This UPSC Prelims 2024 Geography question has a easy difficulty level and is marked as an important question.

Q: Where can I find more UPSC Prelims previous year questions?

You can find more UPSC Prelims previous year questions on AspirantMitraa. Browse by subject, topic, year, and difficulty level to practice effectively.

Question

The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D  The average number of live births a woman would have by the end of her child-bearing ageStep-by-step Solution:The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is a standard demographic indicator defined as the average number of children a woman would have over her entire reproductive lifetime (typically ages 15–49), assuming she experiences the current age-specific fertility rates throughout her life and does not die before the end of her childbearing years.TFR is calculated by summing the age-specific fertility rates (ASFRs) for each five-year age group (15–19, 20–24, ..., 45–49) and multiplying by 5 (the width of each age group). It is expressed as the number of children per woman.Key benchmark values: TFR = 2.1 (replacement-level fertility)  the level at which a population exactly replaces itself across generations (slightly above 2 to account for mortality and sex ratio); TFR > 2.1 → population growing; TFR Why other options are incorrect:Option A (Children born per 1000 population per year): This describes the Crude Birth Rate (CBR)  the number of live births per 1,000 persons in the total population per year. Not TFR. ✗Option B (Children born to a couple in their lifetime): This is close but incorrect. TFR specifically refers to a woman (not a couple) and is based on current age-specific fertility rates (a hypothetical cohort), not actual observed births of real couples. ✗Option C (Birth rate minus death rate): This defines the Natural Growth Rate (or Rate of Natural Increase) of a population  not TFR. ✗Key Concept: Population indicators: Crude Birth Rate (CBR): Live births per 1,000 population per year. Crude Death Rate (CDR): Deaths per 1,000 population per year. Natural Growth Rate: CBR − CDR. Total Fertility Rate (TFR): Average children per woman over her reproductive life. Net Reproduction Rate (NRR): Average number of daughters born per woman that survive to reproductive age; NRR = 1 means exact replacement. Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Deaths of children under 1 year per 1,000 live births. Under-5 Mortality Rate (U5MR): Deaths under 5 per 1,000 live births. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR): Maternal deaths per 1,00,000 live births. Demographic Transition Model: Stage 1 (High CBR, High CDR); Stage 2 (High CBR, Falling CDR → rapid growth); Stage 3 (Falling CBR, Low CDR → slowing growth); Stage 4 (Low CBR, Low CDR → stable/declining). Most developed countries are in Stage 4; India is transitioning from Stage 3 to Stage 4.

The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:

Master UPSC Prelims with Our Test Series

More Questions from Population Distribution, Migration & Urbanisation

Frequently Asked Questions

The total fertility rate in an economy is defined as:

Master UPSC Prelims with Our Test Series

More Questions from Population Distribution, Migration & Urbanisation

Frequently Asked Questions