The term 'IndARC', sometimes in the news, is the name of

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2015 UPSC Prelims Current Affairs paper.

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This UPSC Prelims 2015 Current Affairs question has a medium difficulty level and is marked as an important question.

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Question

The term 'IndARC', sometimes in the news, is the name of

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D — India's underwater observatory to scientifically study the Arctic regionStep-by-step Solution:IndARC (India's Arctic underwater moored observatory) was India's first moored underwater observatory deployed in the Kongsfjorden fjord in the Arctic — approximately halfway between Norway's mainland and the North Pole. It was deployed in 2014 by the National Centre for Antarctic and Ocean Research (NCAOR), now renamed the National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR).IndARC is anchored at a depth of approximately 192 metres in the Kongsfjorden fjord and carries a suite of 10 state-of-the-art oceanographic sensors positioned at various depths to measure: ocean temperature; salinity; current velocity and direction; pressure; turbidity; dissolved oxygen; and other parameters. The data collected helps scientists understand: Arctic ocean circulation; the impact of melting sea ice on ocean properties; the relationship between Arctic climate change and Indian monsoon variability; heat and freshwater exchange between the Arctic Ocean and the atmosphere.Why other options are incorrect:Option A (Radar system in Indian Defence): IndARC is not a radar system. India's indigenous radar systems include the Swathi Weapon Locating Radar, ARUDHRA multi-mode air surveillance radar, and various shipborne radars — none called IndARC.Option B (Satellite for Indian Ocean Rim countries): India's communication satellites (INSAT/GSAT series) and some dedicated regional satellites serve the Indian Ocean region, but none is called IndARC. IndARC stands for India-Arctic, not India-ARC (Indian Ocean Rim Association).Option C (Scientific establishment in Antarctic region): India's Antarctic research stations are: Dakshin Gangotri (decommissioned), Maitri (1988, operational), and Bharati (2012, operational). These are not called IndARC. India's Arctic research station is Himadri (at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway, established 2008).Key Concept: India's polar research: Antarctic — Maitri station (Schirmacher Oasis, Dronning Maud Land), Bharati station (Larsemann Hills); Indian Antarctic Treaty signatory (1983); first Indian expedition to Antarctica (1981). Arctic — Himadri research station (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway, 2008); IndARC underwater observatory (Kongsfjorden, 2014); NCPOR manages both. India's scientific interest in Arctic: Arctic climate change affects Indian monsoon through altered jet streams and atmospheric circulation patterns; melting Arctic ice opens new shipping routes (Northern Sea Route); Arctic resources exploration. IndARC significance: India one of few countries to have underwater moored observatories in the Arctic — demonstrates India's growing polar science capability.

The term 'IndARC', sometimes in the news, is the name of

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The term 'IndARC', sometimes in the news, is the name of

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