Consider the following events:The first democratically elected communist party government formed in

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UPSC Prelims is a competitive examination conducted in India. This question is from the 2018 UPSC Prelims History paper.

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To prepare for UPSC Prelims History, practice previous year questions (PYQs), understand concepts thoroughly, and solve mock tests regularly. This 2018 question covers Post-Independence – Integration of States & Reorganisation topic.

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This UPSC Prelims 2018 History question has a hard difficulty level and is marked as an important question.

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Question

Consider the following events:The first democratically elected communist party government formed in a State in India.India's then largest bank, 'Imperial Bank of India', was renamed 'State Bank of India'.Air India was nationalised and became the national carrier.Goa became a part of independent India.Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events?

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: B — 3 - 2 - 1 - 4Step-by-step Solution:Placing these four post-independence events in chronological order:Event 3 — Air India nationalised and became the national carrier: August 1, 1953 — The Government of India nationalised Air India (founded by J.R.D. Tata in 1932 as Tata Airlines, renamed Air India in 1946) through the Air Corporations Act, 1953. J.R.D. Tata remained as Chairman even after nationalisation until 1978.Event 2 — Imperial Bank of India renamed State Bank of India: July 1, 1955 — The Imperial Bank of India (established in 1921 by merging the three Presidency Banks — Bengal, Bombay, Madras) was nationalised and renamed as the State Bank of India under the State Bank of India Act, 1955.Event 1 — First democratically elected communist party government in a State: April 5, 1957 — In the 1957 Kerala Legislative Assembly elections, the Communist Party of India (CPI) won a majority, and E.M.S. Namboodiripad became Chief Minister on April 5, 1957 — forming the first democratically elected communist government in India (and one of the first in the world outside the Soviet bloc). The government was dismissed in 1959 under Article 356.Event 4 — Goa became part of independent India: December 19, 1961 — India liberated Goa from Portuguese colonial rule through Operation Vijay (December 17-19, 1961). Portugal had refused to cede Goa peacefully. Goa became a Union Territory in 1961 and a full State in 1987.Correct chronological sequence: 3 (1953) → 2 (1955) → 1 (1957) → 4 (1961)Why other options are incorrect:Option A (4-1-2-3): Wrong — places Goa (1961) first, which is the last event.Option C (4-2-1-3): Wrong — places Goa (1961) first and Air India nationalisation (1953) last.Option D (3-1-2-4): Wrong — places the communist government (1957) before SBI's renaming (1955).Key Concept: Key post-independence chronological milestones: 1947 — Independence; 1949 — Constitution adopted; 1950 — Republic Day; 1951-52 — First General Elections; 1953 — Air India nationalised; 1955 — SBI formed; 1956 — States Reorganisation (linguistic basis); 1957 — EMS government in Kerala; 1961 — Goa liberated; 1962 — China War; 1964 — Nehru dies; 1965 — Pakistan War; 1966 — Indira Gandhi becomes PM; 1969 — Bank nationalisation; 1971 — Bangladesh Liberation War. Chronological questions are a consistent UPSC pattern.

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