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The NABARD Grade A exam pattern is one of the most distinctive in the banking recruitment landscape. Unlike standard bank PO exams where every section contributes to the final score, NABARD Phase 1 divides its eight sections into qualifying sections (that only need to be cleared) and merit sections (that determine Phase 2 shortlisting). Understanding this distinction is the single most important insight for building a preparation strategy that actually leads to selection.
This page covers the complete three-phase selection process with section-wise marks, duration, negative marking rules, and the structure of each phase.
For the complete overview, visit the NABARD Grade A main page.
| Topic Link | |
| NABARD Grade A Overview | NABARD Grade A Exam Guide |
| Eligibility Criteria | NABARD Grade A Eligibility Criteria |
| Syllabus | NABARD Grade A Syllabus |
| Application Process | NABARD Grade A Application Process |
| Cutoff | NABARD Grade A Cutoff |
| Previous Year Papers | NABARD Grade A PYQ |
The NABARD Grade A selection process consists of three phases:
| Phase Name Marks Counts Toward Final Selection? | |||
| Phase 1 | Preliminary Examination | 200 | No (used only for Phase 2 shortlisting) |
| Phase 2 | Mains Examination | 250 | Yes (weighted in final merit) |
| Phase 3 | Psychometric Test + Interview | 50 | Yes (interview marks in final merit) |
| Final Merit | Phase 2 + Interview | 300 | Yes |
Phase 1 marks are used exclusively to shortlist candidates for Phase 2. Once Phase 2 is conducted, Phase 1 marks are discarded entirely. The final merit list is prepared based on Phase 2 (250 marks) and Interview (50 marks) scores, totalling 300 marks.
| Parameter Details | |
| Mode | Online (Computer-Based Test) |
| Type | Objective (MCQ) |
| Total Marks | 200 |
| Total Questions | 160 (with 8 sections of varying question counts) |
| Duration | 120 minutes (2 hours) |
| Negative Marking | Yes, 1/4 mark deducted per wrong answer |
| Medium | English and Hindi (except English Language section) |
Phase 1 has two types of sections:
Qualifying Sections (5 sections): Candidates must score above the sectional cutoff in each of these. However, their marks do not count toward merit or Phase 2 shortlisting.
Merit Sections (3 sections): These marks determine which candidates are called for Phase 2. Only merit section marks are used to prepare the Phase 2 shortlist.
| Section Type Questions Marks Contributes to Merit? | ||||
| Reasoning Ability | Qualifying | 20 | 20 | No |
| English Language | Qualifying | 40 | 40 | No |
| Computer Knowledge | Qualifying | 20 | 20 | No |
| Quantitative Aptitude | Qualifying | 20 | 20 | No |
| Decision Making | Qualifying | 20 | 20 | No |
| General Awareness | Merit | 20 | 20 | Yes |
| Economic and Social Issues (ESI) | Merit | 40 | 40 | Yes |
| Agriculture and Rural Development (ARD) | Merit | 40 | 40 | Yes |
| Total | 220 questions | 200 marks | Merit: 100 marks |
Note: The total question count reflects that some sections have questions with different marks per question; the marks column shows the sectional allocation.
| Correct Answer Wrong Answer Not Attempted | ||
| +1 mark | -0.25 marks (1/4 negative marking) | 0 marks |
Negative marking applies to all sections including qualifying sections. A wrong answer in Reasoning or Quantitative Aptitude deducts 0.25 marks just as in the merit sections.
With 120 minutes for 200 marks and merit sections totalling only 100 marks, the optimal strategy is:
| Section Type Recommended Time Purpose | ||
| Qualifying sections (all five combined) | 40 to 50 minutes | Clear sectional cutoffs with minimum effort |
| Merit sections (GA + ESI + ARD) | 70 to 80 minutes | Maximise score; this determines Phase 2 call |
A candidate who spends 90 minutes on qualifying sections and only 30 minutes on ESI and ARD is misallocating preparation effort. The qualifying sections only require clearing cutoffs; over-investing time in them at the cost of merit section performance directly reduces Phase 2 shortlisting chances.
Phase 2 is held online in two papers within a combined session. It consists of both objective (MCQ) and descriptive (typed) components.
| Parameter Details | |
| Mode | Online (Computer-Based) |
| Papers | 2 |
| Total Marks | 250 |
| Duration | Paper 1: 90 minutes; Paper 2: 120 minutes; Total: 210 minutes (3.5 hours) |
| Negative Marking | Yes, 1/4 for wrong answers in the objective section of Paper 2 |
| Descriptive Medium | English or Hindi (typed on computer; keyboard provided) |
| ESI + ARD: Same section | Paper 2 includes both objective and descriptive on ESI and ARD |
| Parameter Details | |
| Type | Descriptive (typed on computer) |
| Total Marks | 50 |
| Duration | 90 minutes |
| Language | English only |
| Negative Marking | None |
Paper 1 Question Types:
| Question Marks | |
| Essay Writing (one topic from two or three choices) | 20 |
| Precis Writing (summarise a given passage) | 10 |
| Reading Comprehension (passage-based questions) | 10 |
| Business Letter Writing or Report | 10 |
Essay topics are almost always on economic, social, or agricultural themes. Candidates who prepare ESI and ARD content naturally build the knowledge base for essay writing. The 90-minute window requires candidates to type approximately 1,200 to 1,500 words of final answers.
This paper is the core of Phase 2 and carries the most marks.
| Component Marks Nature | ||
| Objective (MCQ) | 100 | Multiple choice questions; some carry 1 mark and some 2 marks; 1/4 negative marking |
| Descriptive | 100 | Long-form typed answers on ESI and ARD topics |
| Total | 200 | |
| Duration | 120 minutes |
Descriptive Component Breakdown:
Typically 3 to 4 descriptive questions are asked in Phase 2 Paper 2. Based on previous year patterns:
| Question Type Marks | |
| Long ESI question (e.g., discuss the challenges of agricultural credit in India) | 25 to 30 |
| Long ARD question (e.g., role of SHGs in rural development) | 25 to 30 |
| Medium or case-based question | 15 to 25 |
| Short question or additional part | 10 to 20 |
For specialist stream candidates (Agriculture, Finance, IT, HR, Rajbhasha, Legal, Engineering), Phase 2 Paper 2 includes questions from the respective specialisation. NABARD specifies in the official notification whether specialists write a combined ESI/ARD/Specialist paper or a separate specialist paper.
| Parameter Details | |
| Purpose | Personality and aptitude assessment |
| Marks | No marks; qualifying in nature |
| Timing | Conducted before the interview |
| Format | Online personality questionnaire |
The psychometric test is mandatory. It does not affect the interview outcome directly but is reviewed by the interview panel. There are no right or wrong answers; it tests personality traits relevant to NABARD's work environment (team orientation, leadership, adaptability, ethical judgment).
| Parameter Details | |
| Marks | 50 |
| Duration | 20 to 30 minutes |
| Language | English or Hindi (candidate's choice) |
| Panel | Typically 3 to 5 NABARD senior officers |
| Topics Covered | Academic background, domain knowledge, current affairs, NABARD-specific topics, communication skills |
The interview carries 50 out of 300 final merit marks, making it a significant component. Candidates who perform well in Phase 2 but poorly in the interview can fall significantly in the final merit list.
Key interview focus areas:
The final merit list is prepared based on the following components:
| Component Marks | |
| Phase 2 Paper 1: General English (Descriptive) | 50 |
| Phase 2 Paper 2: Objective (ESI + ARD) | 100 |
| Phase 2 Paper 2: Descriptive (ESI + ARD) | 100 |
| Interview | 50 |
| Total | 300 |
Phase 1 marks are not included. Candidates are ranked within their category based on these 300 marks. Ties are broken by marks in Phase 2 Paper 2 Descriptive, then Paper 2 Objective, then Phase 2 Paper 1.
NABARD applies both sectional and overall cutoffs at each phase.
There are sectional cutoffs for each of the 8 sections. Candidates must clear the cutoff in every qualifying section to avoid disqualification, even if their merit section marks are high. The overall Phase 1 shortlisting is based on merit section scores (out of 100).
Phase 1 sectional cutoffs for the General (UR) category are typically:
Phase 2 also has cutoffs but these are expressed relative to the final selection list. Candidates must score above a minimum threshold in Phase 2 to be considered for the interview, even if their relative rank is high.
For detailed year-wise cutoff data, visit the NABARD Grade A Cutoff page.
2021: Introduction of Decision Making section. Before 2021, Phase 1 had 7 sections. Decision Making was added as an 8th section (qualifying) in the 2021 recruitment.
2021: Restructuring of Phase 2 Paper 2. From 2021 onwards, Phase 2 Paper 2 (ESI + ARD) includes both objective (50 percent) and descriptive (50 percent) components. Previously, Paper 2 was primarily descriptive.
Merit vs Qualifying classification. NABARD formally introduced the merit-qualifying distinction in Phase 1 in 2021, making the shortlisting mechanism more transparent.
Interview marks increased. Interview marks were increased from 25 to 50, making Phase 3 more consequential.
The 70-30 rule for Phase 1: Spend at least 70 percent of Phase 1 preparation time on ESI, ARD, and General Awareness (the merit sections). The qualifying sections (Reasoning, English, Computer, Quant, Decision Making) require only enough preparation to clear the cutoffs, not to maximise scores.
Phase 2 descriptive is the difference-maker: Given that Phase 2 Paper 2 descriptive carries 100 marks and Paper 1 (General English) carries 50 marks, written communication skills account for 150 of the 250 Phase 2 marks. Candidates who prepare only for the objective components are systematically under-prepared for Phase 2.
Interview preparation must begin at Phase 1: Start preparing for NABARD-specific interview questions (NABARD history, schemes, regional office knowledge) during Phase 1 preparation itself. The interval between Phase 2 and interview is short, and candidates who begin interview preparation only after Phase 2 results are at a disadvantage.
The exam pattern for the Protocol and Security Service post is different:
| Component Details | |
| Online Examination | Objective (MCQ): Reasoning, General Awareness, Professional Knowledge, English |
| Marks | As specified in notification |
| Physical Fitness | Mandatory assessment |
| Interview | As specified in notification |
This post does not include ESI and ARD sections. Candidates applying for this post should verify the specific pattern from the official notification.
Why do Phase 1 marks not count in the final selection? NABARD uses Phase 1 as a screening tool to shortlist candidates for Phase 2. Once candidates qualify for Phase 2, they are evaluated on a fresh basis through the more comprehensive Phase 2 papers and interview. This ensures that the final selection is based on deep domain knowledge and communication ability rather than aptitude alone.
How many candidates are shortlisted from Phase 1 to Phase 2? Typically, NABARD shortlists approximately 20 to 30 candidates per vacancy for Phase 2. With 91 vacancies in 2025, approximately 1,800 to 2,700 candidates were shortlisted for Phase 2 across all streams.
Is there sectional timing within Phase 1? No. Phase 1 is a single 120-minute session with no sectional time limits. Candidates can allocate the 120 minutes across sections as they choose.
Is there sectional timing in Phase 2? Yes. Phase 2 has separate time allocations: 90 minutes for Paper 1 (General English) and 120 minutes for Paper 2 (ESI + ARD). Candidates cannot transfer time between papers.
Is the descriptive section in Phase 2 handwritten or typed? Descriptive answers in Phase 2 (both Paper 1 and Paper 2) are typed on the computer using the keyboard and interface provided at the exam centre. Handwriting is not required.
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